Complemento de objeto indirecto in Spanish, these are used to reflect the person being indirectly affected by the action of the verb. If you haven’t looked at Direct Object pronouns yet, that would be a great starting point before you look at these.

In each sentence we need to break down the information being shared:

I give the present to my friend.

I is the subject of the sentence. In the sentence the verb is: “have” and the direct object is “the present”, this would answer the question “What or Whom”? About the direct object in relation to the verb. E.g What do you give? In this case.

To identify the indirect object pronoun you would ask the following questions “to/for what or to/for whom?” in relation to the verb. E.g. To whom do you give the present? To my friend, thus my friend is the indirect object.

We are able to replace the indirect object with a pronoun; let’s look at the table below to see which we should use.

To/for me me To/for us nos
To/for you (sing. inf.) te To/for you (pl. inf) os
To/for him/her/Usted le To/for them/Ustedes les